A study conducted in Region XII, particularly in North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and Maguindanao, shows that applying good agricultural practices (GAP) reduces pests and diseases of Lakatan and Cardaba.
The study, “Enhanced productivity of Lakatan and Saba/Cardaba in Region 12,” was realized through the collaboration of the University of Southern Mindanao (USM), Sultan Kudarat State University (SKSU), and Cotabato City State Polytechnic College (CCSPC).
Lakatan and Cardaba are affected by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), Fusarium wilt, sigatoka leaf spot, banana freckles, and Moko disease. The impact of these diseases are severe for smallhold farms that do not have the capability to manage the said diseases.
To curb these diseases, the study identified 24 demo trials for Lakatan and 26 for Cardaba in region XII. The recommended GAP that were applied include fertilizer application based on soil analysis, desuckering, deleafing, debelling, fruit bagging, and replanting of missing hills, among others.
Sigatoka leaf spot, which is caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, is a fungal disease that causes the banana leaves to turn black and wither. It eventually causes premature ripening and yield losses of up to 50%.
With GAP, the highest reduction of sigatoka leaf spot in Lakatan was seen in Maguindanao at 95%, followed by Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat with 80.33% and 64.77%, respectively. Without GAP, reduction of the disease for Maguindanao, Cotabato, and Sultan Kudarat was recorded at 91.57%, 68.09%, and 40.02%, respectively.
BBTV is the most destructive virus of banana in the country with no known cure. The virus is carried and spread by aphids (Pentalonia nigronervosa). The infective aphids transmit the virus to a banana plant by feeding on it. Its infection causes stunting and leaf malformation leading to the host’s premature death.
GAP also reduced the incidence of BBTV in Lakatan. The highest percentage reduction was seen in Cotabato at 98.75% compared with 93.04% without intervention. Maguindanao and Sultan Kudarat also recorded reduction of the disease at 90.00% and 76.93%, respectively. Without GAP, Maguindanao and Sultan Kudarat recorded disease reduction of 62.50% and 50.06%, respectively.
BBTV incidence in Cardaba also decreased, with the highest percent reduction observed in Cotabao at 98.38%, followed by Maguindanao at 93.33%, and Sultan Kudarat at 57.33%.
GAP was also applied in Labawan’s Farm in President Roxas, North Cotabato, where Moko disease infected 41.48% of the plant population. With the intervention applied, only 25.93% incidence of the disease was recorded. Moko is a deadly disease of banana caused by the bacteria, Ralstonia solanacearum (Race 2). The disease prevents proper growth of the banana plant and eventually die within a short time.
Significant reduction of banana freckles in Cardaba was recorded in the three provinces of Region XII. With GAP intervention, the incidence of banana freckles was reduced by 83.90% compared with the 50.20% reduction by using farmer’s practice. Maguindanao and Sultan Kudarat also noted significant reduction at 73.30% and 49.62%, respectively compared with 48.95% and 15.28% disease incidence reduction without intervention.
Banana freckles disease causes large and small spots on leaves and the fruit. Severe infection causes yellowing of the leaf and eventually withering and death of the banana plant.
With GAP, Maguindanao observed the highest increase in yield of Lakatan at 116.21%, while Cotabato registered the highest increase in yield of Cardaba at 135.54%. Other than the yield, GAP promoted more productive plants with bigger bunch, bigger hands, and longer fingers. Banana growers in Region XII using the technology can expect a return of investment (ROI) ranging from 156.31% to 437.96% for Lakatan and from 133.69% to 164.74% for Cardaba.
The paper, “GAP increased the yield of Lakatan and Saba/Cardaba in Region XII” won first place in the Development category of the National Symposium on Agriculture and Aquatic Resources Research and Development (NSAARRD).
A DOST-PCAARRD R&D initiative, NSAARRD showcases the most outstanding contributions of individuals and institutions in the improvement of the agriculture, aquatic, and natural resources sectors through research and development (R&D) awards.
NSAARRD is one of the highlights of the DOST-PCAARRD’s 6th anniversary celebration, which was held at the Council’s complex on June 27-30.